Song of Solomon 1:8

Authorized King James Version

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If thou know not, O thou fairest among women, go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock, and feed thy kids beside the shepherds' tents.

Original Language Analysis

אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 1 of 16
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תֵדְעִי֙ If thou know H3045
תֵדְעִי֙ If thou know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 3 of 16
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
לָ֔ךְ H0
לָ֔ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 4 of 16
הַיָּפָ֖ה not O thou fairest H3303
הַיָּפָ֖ה not O thou fairest
Strong's: H3303
Word #: 5 of 16
beautiful (literally or figuratively)
בַּנָּשִׁ֑ים among women H802
בַּנָּשִׁ֑ים among women
Strong's: H802
Word #: 6 of 16
a woman
צְֽאִי go thy way forth H3318
צְֽאִי go thy way forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 7 of 16
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
לָ֞ךְ H0
לָ֞ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 8 of 16
בְּעִקְבֵ֣י by the footsteps H6119
בְּעִקְבֵ֣י by the footsteps
Strong's: H6119
Word #: 9 of 16
a heel (as protuberant); hence, a track; figuratively, the rear (of an army)
הַצֹּ֗אן of the flock H6629
הַצֹּ֗אן of the flock
Strong's: H6629
Word #: 10 of 16
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
הָרֹעִֽים׃ and feed H7462
הָרֹעִֽים׃ and feed
Strong's: H7462
Word #: 11 of 16
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
גְּדִיֹּתַ֔יִךְ thy kids H1429
גְּדִיֹּתַ֔יִךְ thy kids
Strong's: H1429
Word #: 13 of 16
a young female goat
עַ֖ל H5921
עַ֖ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 14 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹת ' tents H4908
מִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹת ' tents
Strong's: H4908
Word #: 15 of 16
a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the temple); specifically, the tabernacle (properly, its w
הָרֹעִֽים׃ and feed H7462
הָרֹעִֽים׃ and feed
Strong's: H7462
Word #: 16 of 16
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie

Analysis & Commentary

The bridegroom responds to the bride's question: If thou know not, O thou fairest among women, go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock, and feed thy kids beside the shepherds' tents. The address 'fairest among women' (yaphah banashim, יָפָה בַּנָּשִׁים) affirms the bride's beauty and value even while gently redirecting her. The beloved doesn't rebuke her seeking but provides gracious guidance. The instruction go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock (iqvey hatson, עִקְבֵי הַצֹּאן, footprints of the flock) suggests following the established paths where God's people have walked—the well-trodden ways of faith and obedience.

The phrase feed thy kids beside the shepherds' tents encourages productive activity and community presence while waiting for fuller revelation. Rather than anxious seeking in wrong places, the bride should remain near the shepherding community, engaged in faithful work. Spiritually, this teaches that believers find Christ by following the paths of Scripture, staying near the Christian community, and engaging in faithful service rather than pursuing novel or isolated spirituality.

Historical Context

Ancient Palestinian shepherds established regular patterns and camping sites. Following the flock's footprints meant taking proven, safe routes to water and pasture. 'Shepherds' tents' represented community and established practice—the gathered wisdom and safety of experienced shepherds. The bridegroom's counsel is both tender ('fairest among women') and practical (follow established paths). Early church fathers saw this as Christ directing seekers to the Church—follow the apostolic witness, remain within Christian community, engage in faithful discipleship. The Reformers emphasized Scripture and the gathered church as means of grace—don't seek private revelations apart from Word and community. The Puritans taught that spiritual growth occurs through ordinary means (Bible, prayer, fellowship, service) rather than extraordinary experiences. Modern readers see wisdom for resisting individualistic spirituality and embracing the communal, historical faith of God's people.

Questions for Reflection